Jurnal Farmasi IKIFA

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN TABLET HISAP DARI BAHAN EKSTRAK BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L.) UNTUK MENGERCERKAN DAHAK

Govan Govan Hanif Sasongko — 2024-10-31

Butterfly pea flowers are used as eye medicine, phlegm thinner, and food coloring, but they have pharmacological benefits as antioxidants, antibacterials, antiparasitics, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Phlegm will usually accumulate until it becomes thick and becomes difficult to expel. Diseases of the respiratory system that are most often suffered by children include acute respiratory infections (ISPA). The aim of this research is to find out the correct formulation and method of making lozenges according to CPOB, then evaluate the physical preparation to ensure the quality of the preparation. The butterfly pea flower extract lozenges were subjected to phytochemical testing, granule evaluation, and lozenge evaluation. yield 7.2%, solvent-free test does not smell of ester, which means the ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower is positive for ethanol solvent-free, flavonoid test produces a red color, which means it contains flavonoids. Physical properties test of the tablet requires results, namely, flow rate 7 seconds, angle of repose 30°, compatibility 6%, humidity 2.30%, organoleptic has a light gray color, sweet smell typical of butterfly pea flower extract, slightly sweet taste, round shape, weight uniformity 0.956%, size uniformity 1, disintegration time 7 minutes, friability 0.28%.

FORMULATION AND PHYSICAL STABILITY TEST OF FACIAL WASH GEL Pumpkin fruit extract (Cucurbita moschata D.) WITH VARYING CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBOPOL 940

DIYANA WULANDARI — 2024-10-31

Yellow pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita moschata D.) is one of the plants that have antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the characteristics and physical stability of facial wash gel preparation pumpkin extract (Cucurbita moschata D.) with variations in the concentration of carbopol 940. Facial wash gel made 3 formulas with different concentrations of carbopol 940, FI 1%, FII 1.5%, and FIII 2%. The physical stability test of facial wash gel preparation is carried out by room temperature storage and cycling test with parameters including organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, dispersion test, foam stability test, and viscosity test. The results showed that formula I with carbopol 940 concentration of 1% resulted in the best stability properties of the gel preparation. The statistical data of One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between pH, dispersibility, foam stability, and viscosity of facial wash gel preparation against the difference in carbopol 940 concentration with significance value (p<0.05).

EFFECT OF PEG 6000 ON TABLET DISSOLUTION ACETOSAL IN SOLID DISPERSION SYSTEM

Adi Fauzi — 2024-10-31

Acetosal is included in class II non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) which has low solubility and high permeability. Low solubility is an obstacle in drug release so it is necessary to develop active ingredients in increasing the dissolution rate. Polyethylene glycol 6000 is a water-soluble polymer and is most widely used in solid dispersion systems. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of PEG 6000 on the dissolution rate of acetosal in a solid dispersion system. Solid dispersion using dissolution method with variation of acetosal concentration: PEG 6000 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. The best solid dispersion dissolution is found in the 1:3 ratio with a value of 98.87%. The results of the one way ANOVA test resulted in a significance value of 0.186 (p < 0.05) which indicates that there is no significant difference in dissolution rate due to the addition of PEG 6000 to the solid dispersion system formulation. The best dispersion formula results were made tablet preparations. The physical evaluation of tablets obtained results are weight uniformity test (mg) (641.4 ± 4.05), size uniformity test (cm) (diameter 1.19 ± 0.01 and thickness 0.409 ± 0.003), friability test (%) (0.23 ± 0.20), hardness test (kg) (4.5 ± 0.3), disintegration time test (minutes) (7.06 ± 1.04) and acetosal tablets dissolved 99.87% within 30 minutes. The conclusion of this study is that the addition of PEG 6000 in the solid dispersion system of acetosal tablets can increase the dissolution rate of acetosal tablets in solid dispersion systems and improve the physical properties of acetosal tablets.

LITERATURE STUDY ON ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY IN PREGNANCY

Junaedi — 2024-10-31

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and has more serious repercussions during childbirth. The three foremost causes of maternal mortality in obstetrics are hemorrhages (45%), infection (15%), and preeclampsia (13%). In pregnancy, hypertension is referred to as systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure higher over 90 mmHg. Due to the risk of teratogenic effects of medication and mother physiologic changes in response to pregnancy, treatment during pregnancy requires special consideration. Methyldopa and Nifedipine are antihypertensive medications that can be performed during pregnancy. Antihypertensive therapy in pregnancy should be determined based on the pregnant patient's age, the class of antihypertensive drugs, single medications, and antihypertensive therapy combinations. As stated by results of this study, more pregnant women had hypertension between the ages of 26 and 30. When compared to other antihypertensive groups, nifedipine plus calcium blockers (CCB) is the safest and most effective type of antihypertensive therapy for pregnant women. Furthermore, some patients with hypertension in pregnancy require a combination of therapies to meet blood pressure targets; the use of a combination of nifedipine and methyldopa has been shown to overcome hypertension in pregnancy.

POLA PERESEPAN OBAT PENYAKIT GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISA DI RUMAH SAKIT KRAKATAU MEDIKA IHC KOTA CILEGON TAHUN 2023

Isti Dwi Pruschia — 2024-10-31

The kidneys are vital organs that function to maintain blood balance, prevent the buildup of metabolic waste in the body, stabilize water levels in the body, maintain the electrolytes sodium, potassium and phosphate, and produce hormones and enzymes that regulate blood pressure, making red blood cells. The community population is less concerned about kidney disease, because kidney failure is a significant public health problem. Important organs, such as the kidneys, can die if their health is not taken care of. The prescribing pattern is an illustration of appropriate drug use and an important factor in healing. The aim is to determine the pattern of drug prescribing for chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in hospitals. The method in this research was carried out retrospectively, namely in the form of observational research on events that have occurred from medical records, characteristics including gender, age, type of drug, class and diagnosis and type of complication. There were 50 male patients (54.35%) and 42 patients (45.65%) female. The age groups were 41-59 years old (47.83%), 21-40 years old (13.04%), and 60-70 years old (39.13%). The types of drugs most commonly used were Amlodipine (25.00%) and Bicnat (22.83%). The most widely used drug classes are CCB (25.00%) and Antacids (22.83%). The most common diagnoses and types of complications in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in hospital are hypertension + chronic kidney stage 5 (40.00%). Men are more susceptible to chronic kidney failure due to poor lifestyle habits and smoking. As we age, kidney function decreases due to a reduction in the number of nephrons. Amlodipine, which is not or slightly dialyzed, remains effective in hemodialysis patients. Bicarbonate (bicnat) is used to increase blood and urine pH and neutralize metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney patients. Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) help stabilize blood pressure and reduce the burden on the kidneys, important because increased blood pressure can worsen decreased kidney function

UJI PARAMETER SPESIFIK DAN NON SPESIFIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SAMBILOTO (Andrograpis Paniculata N.)

Jupita — 2024-10-31

ABSTRACT

Sambiloto, or Andrographis Paniculata, is one of the plants used as medicine. The active compound andrographolide is found in the bitter plant, which belongs to the Acanthaceae family. With the molecular formula C₂₀H₃₀O₅, andrographolide is a compound in the trihydroxylactone group. This research used a bitter extract from 96% ethanol and bitter leaf powder. This research aimed to determine the test results of specific, and non-specific parameters and the secondary metabolite content of ethanol extract from sambioto (Andrographis Paniculata) leaves. In testing specific and non-specific parameters, the results obtained were by the established requirements: organoleptic tests, water-soluble essence content tests, ethanol-soluble essence content tests, and ash content tests. In testing the phytochemistry of the ethanol extract of bitter leaf (Andrographis paniculata), the secondary metabolites contained in the bitter leaf are saponins, polyphenols, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids.

Keywords: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), specific parameters, non-specific parameters, phytochemical test

FORMULATION AND PHYSICAL QUALITY TESTING OF JELLY CANDY PREPARATIONS FROM ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF CUBUS FRUIT (Piper cubeba L.f)

Amanda Risky Damayanti — 2024-10-31

The ethyl acetate fraction of cubeb fruit (Piper cubeba L.f) contains alkaloid, flavonoid and terpenoid compounds that function to improve memory. Jelly candy is currently popular and is one of the favorite foods in various circles, because it has a chewy characteristic, therefore a new innovation was made in developing cubeb fruit. This study aims to determine the physical quality of the ethyl acetate fraction of cubeb fruit jelly candy preparation. The physical quality test consists of organoleptic color, scent and texture, water content, ash content, reducing sugar, pH, and weight uniformity. The formulation of the jelly candy preparation uses ethyl acetate fraction and is divided into 3 formulations with the concentrations used, namely 0.488g, 0.977g, 1.955g. The results of physical quality tests of FI, FII and FIII jelly candy preparations meet the requirements according to SNI standards including: organoleptic tests of color, aroma and texture, water content, ash content, reducing sugar, pH, and weight uniformity. The ethyl acetate fraction of cubeb fruit has alkaloid, flavonoid, and terpenoid compounds. The ethyl acetate fraction of cubeb fruit can be formulated into jelly candy preparations, all formulations have good physical quality according to SNI standards and formulation I is the best formulation.

THE EFFECT OF SOLVENT TYPES ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF AVOCADO LEAF EXTRACT (Persea americana Mill)

Maranatha Cicilia — 2024-10-31

Avocado plant (Persea americana Mill) is one of the plants that have the benefit of preventing premature aging due to the antioxidant content. This study aims to determine the effect of solvent type ethanol 70%, ethyl acetate, n-hexane on antioxidant activity of avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill). The method used in this study was laboratory experimental, using 3 types of solvents in avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill) with several concentrations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm. Antioxidant activity of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill) was conducted using the DPPH method, by analyzing the activity of free radical immersion in avocado leaf extract which was determined based on the value of IC50, then the data obtained were tested statistically. The results showed that the type of ethanol extract solvent has a very strong antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 24.69 ppm; the type of ethyl acetate extract solvent has a weak antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 172.84 ppm; and the solvent type of n-hexane extract has very weak antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 41.22 ppm. Different types of solvents affect the antioxidant activity of avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill).

OPTIMIZATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL FACIAL CLEANSING SOAP FORMULATION VARIATIONS COMBINATIONS OF ORANGE PEEL ESSENTIAL OIL AND BASIL LEAF EXTRACT

Gigih Kenanga Sari — 2024-10-31

Background: orange peel essential oil and basil leaf extract are known as natural ingredients that contain medicinal ingredients. The extracts of these two plants are useful as antibacterials. Objective: to determine the antibacterial activity of facial soap containing the active ingredients orange peel essential oil and basil leaf extract. The methods studied include: organoleptic properties, pH value, foam height, free alkali content, specific gravity and antibacterial activity. The type of research used is experimental research. Data collection was carried out by measuring, while data analysis was descriptive and analytical. The research design used was a post-test only control design. Conclusions include the preparation of facial cleansing soap with a combination of orange peel essential oil and basil leaf extract which meets SNI requirements which is classified as an inhibitory bacterial work zone but the most optimal is F3, there are differences in the diameter of the inhibitory zone for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in facial cleansing soap with a combination of active ingredients. orange peel essential oil and basil leaf extract.

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BIOAKTIF DAN BAHAN ORGANIK ASING PADA SIMPLISIA DAUN SIRIH MERAH (PIPER PORPHYROPHYLLUM)

Tria Prayoga — 2024-10-31

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif dan bahan organik asing baik dalam simplisia maupun ekstrak daun sirih merah (Piper porphyrophyllum). Simplisia dikumpulkan dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik (BALITTRO), Bogor, dan ditentukan di Laboratorium Generasi Biologi Indonesia, Gresik. Pemeriksaan meliputi analisis organoleptik, kadar air, dan bahan organik asing sesuai standar Materia Medica Indonesia dan Farmakope Indonesia VI. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode remaserasi dengan etanol 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan organik asing dalam simplisia adalah 1,43% dan kadar air adalah 0,19%, keduanya dalam batas yang dapat diterima. Hasil ekstrak adalah 26,86%, dengan hasil organoleptik menunjukkan warna hijau tua, khas bau herbal, dan rasa pedas-pahit. Skrining fitokimia mengungkapkan keberadaan alkaloid, flavonoid, dan tanin dalam ekstrak. Kesimpulannya, simplisia dan ekstrak daun sirih merah memiliki kualitas yang baik dan mengandung senyawa aktif yang mendukung potensi farmakologisnya sebagai bahan obat herbal

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI DENGAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)/ DI RW 02 KELURAHAN PINANG RANTI JAKARTA-TIMUR

Ida Diana Sari — 2024-10-31

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks and weakens the human body's defense system, making the body susceptible to various diseases. By the end of 2022, 85.6 million people will be infected with the HIV virus and around 40.4 million people will die from HIV. The global prevalence of people living with HIV is 39.0 million. According to the Executive Report on the Development of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (PIMS) for the first quarter of 2023, there were 5 provinces that reported the highest HIV cases in Indonesia DKI Jakarta 82,033 cases, East Java 79,026 cases, West Java 62,315 cases, Central Java 50,689 cases, and Papua 44,086 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of community knowledge about HIV / AIDS in RW 02 Pinang Ranti Village in the March-April 2024 period. The method in this study uses quantitative descriptive method. There were 342 samples in this study, which were obtained using the Propotional Random Sampling technique. The results of community knowledge in RW 02 Pinang Ranti Village, East Jakarta, which are in the good category are 114 respondents (33,33%), who have sufficient knowledge are 165 respondents (48.25%), and who have poor knowledge are 63 respondents (18,42%). It can be concluded that the knowledge of the community in RW 02 Kelurahan Pinang Ranti East Jakarta is in the moderate category (48,25%). Based on statistical calculations using the Spearman rho test, there is no relationship between the demographic characteristic of gender and public health knowledge about HIV/AIDS in RW 02 Pinang Ranti Village for the period of March-April 2024.

EVALUASI SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR DARI EKSTRAK KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora)

Maratu Soleha — 2024-10-31

Indonesian natural ingredients have been known to have various benefits in the health sector and have been formulated in various dosage forms, one of which is topical preparations. Previous research has shown the benefits of plants such as binahong leaves that can be used as antibacterials and tomato fruit extracts as antioxidants. These plant materials have been made into active compounds in various topical preparations, one of which is liquid soap. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the evaluation of liquid soap preparations from robusta coffee extract (Coffea canephora) produced to meet SNI requirements. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The population in this study were robusta coffee plants (Coffea canephora). The sample in this study was Lampung Sumatra robusta coffee obtained from Pasar Santa, South Jakarta. The thick extract used in this study was obtained by maceration method. The robusta coffee extract liquid soap preparation consists of F1 as much as 2 g and F2 as much as 4 g. Evaluation carried out at week 0 showed organoleptical results of liquid and thick brown color and typical coffee odor. The pH test results on F1 and F2 showed pH results of 9.2 and 9.2 which met the SNI requirements of around 8-11. Specific gravity test on F1 and F2 showed results of 1.0122 and 1.0131 g/mL which meet SNI requirements of around 1.01-1.10 g/mL. viscosity test on F1 and F2 showed results of 2416 and 2616 cps which meet the requirements of around 400-4000cps. The foam test on F1 and F2 showed results of 8.4 and 8.2 cm which met the requirements of about 1.3-22 cm. The displaced volume test on F1 and F2 showed results of 97 and 97 mL which met the requirements of not less than 95 mL. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the liquid soap preparation from robusta coffee extract (Coffea canephora) carried out in week 0, namely the organoleptical test, pH test, specific gravity test, viscosity test, foam test and volume moved test met the SNI requirements

EVALUASI KRIM DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN MEDANG PIRAWAS (LITSEA ELLIPTICA BLUME)

Ivan Santoso — 2024-10-31

The content of Litsea elliptica Blume leaves from the results of phytochemical screening is that there are alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and essential oils. Litsea elliptica Blume has antioxidant activity against radicals with EC50 values of 23.99, 4I.69, 11.2.2, and 33.48 mg/L, respectively, compared to standard butylated hydrokyl toluene. This research is quantitative and descriptive. The population in this study was the Medang Pirawas leaf plant (Litsea elliptica Blume). The thick extract preparation used in this research was obtained using the maceration method. This research aims to find the best formula for making cream preparations through quality and stability tests. The preparation of Litsea elliptica Blume extract cream using various extract concentrations of 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2% was carried out for 4 weeks by testing pH levels, viscosity, homogeneity, emulsion type, spreadability, and stability

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI DENGAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENYAKIT HEPATITIS DI RW 07 KELURAHAN JATINEGARA JAKARTA TIMUR

Siti Aisyah — 2024-10-31

Hepatitis is commonly known as jaundice. It is an inflammation of the liver that can be caused by viral infections, metabolic disorders, drugs, alcohol and parasites. In Indonesia, hepatitis has become one of the diseases that receive serious attention. This is related to Indonesia's large population and its complexity, increasing cases of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia also have consequences for the onset of liver complications such as hepatitis. Few people know that hepatitis is a medical problem that must be treated immediately. This mindset is based on beliefs that are still related to the culture of divination. This study aims to determine the description of public knowledge about hepatitis in RW 07 Jatinegara Village, East Jakarta in March 2024. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. There were 359 samples in this study obtained by Propotional Random Sampling technique. The results of public knowledge in RW 07 Jatinegara Village, East Jakarta were in the good category as many as 143 respondents (40%), the sufficient category as many as 164 respondents (46%), and the poor category 52 respondents (14%). It can be concluded that public knowledge about hepatitis in RW 07 Jatinegara Village, East Jakarta is in the moderate category as many as 164 respondents (46%).